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Abstract

ID15B is one of the ESRF Extremely Brilliant Source (EBS) beamlines dedicated to study matter at extreme conditions of pressure and temperature using X ray diffraction and imaging. The beamline was fully reconstructed in 2015 to take advantage of the capabilities offered by the EBS upgrade. The ID15B beamline is a high-brilliance facility dedicated to monochromatic X-ray diffraction (including powder, single-crystal, and diffuse scattering) for exploring materials under extreme conditions. Using a focused 30keV X-ray beam down to 1x1um2 and high-resolution photon counting pixel EIGER2 9M CdTe detector, it enables structural characterization up to megabar pressures. Advanced sample environments combine membrane diamond anvil cells with temperature control: down to 3 K using He flow cryostats and up to 1400 K via external resistive heating. Furthermore, integrated X-ray phase-contrast microscopy with 0.2um lateral resolution alongside in-situ Raman and ruby fluorescence spectroscopy provides comprehensive monitoring of structural, phase, and physical transformations in situ. Recently it has been added the possibility to couple one sided laser heating with high pressure. Since 2025, ID15B has been undergoing a major upgrade funded by the ESRF and the BMBF through the EXTREMMAT project. The upgrade includes improvements to the sample-positioning system, the installation of a harmonic rejection mirror, new focusing optics, and a new monochromator extending the accessible energy range. The upgrade is expected to broaden the beamline’s scientific scope and attract new user communities.