ID09 is an insertion device beamline designed for time-resolved experiments in macromolecular crystallography, liquids and solid state systems.

The unique feature of ID09 is the focused white beam which can be used for time-resolved Laue diffraction on macromolecules and pink beam time-resolved liquid scattering. The exposure time for small proteins is in the micro second range but can reach 100 ps in timing mode operation (4-bunch, 16-bunch, 7/8+1, hybrid).

In those macromolecular reactions which can be triggered reversibly by a laser pulse, one can construct 100 psec stills of the electron density at a given delay after initiation and produce a film of the reaction with atomic resolution. The relative timing of the laser and x-ray pulse is controlled electronically from ps to second time scale (laser-xray jitter < 5ps).

An high speed chopper is used as fast mechanical shutter to select the flash produced by a single bunch out of the high frequency train of flashes produced by the storage ring.

A double pulse train of exciting laser pulses followed by probing x-ray pulses can thus be produced in which the phase can be varied. A Ti:sapphire picosecond laser is operational. For those reversible reactions which can run at frequencies up to 1 kHz, this instrument should give 100 ps resolution in monochromatic/polychromatic data collection from macromolecules, time-resolved diffuse scattering. The total exposure time is of course much longer than for the equivalent static experiment. Specifically, extracting a 15 mA single bunch opposite a 150 mA super bunch at 1 kHz reduces the average intensity by about 5000 and bring the monochromatic intensity from the 20 mm period undulator down to ~ 5 x 10^8 ph/sec, which is nevertheless only a factor of 10 lower than the flux from a bending magnet.